DEJ 3

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Denise A. Bonebright’s article, “40 Years of Storming,” provides a thorough historical analysis of Bruce W. Tuckman’s influential model of small group development. Originally introduced in 1965, Tuckman’s model outlines four stages—forming, storming, norming, and performing—that describe the progression of groups as they develop cohesion and effectiveness. The model was later expanded in 1977 with Mary Ann Conover Jensen to include a fifth stage, adjourning, acknowledging the group’s eventual dissolution. The article traces the model’s rise in both academic and professional circles, emphasizing its widespread adoption due to its practicality and adaptability across various fields, especially in human resource development. Bonebright also highlights the model’s limitations, such as its reliance on therapy groups in initial research and the lack of consideration for external factors affecting group dynamics. Despite these limitations, the model has maintained its relevance for over four decades, offering a simple yet effective framework for understanding team dynamics and development in diverse settings.